Friday, August 23, 2013

Parashas Ki Savo - Curses or Blessings - That Is the Question

In this week's parash, the Torah gives a list of commandments and whether one would be cursed or blessed for doing them. For example: Cursed is whoever curses his father or his mother... Rashi explains, "One who denigrates [their parents.]" "Cursed is whoever accepts a bribe to kill an innocent person, etc." Then it says, "And when you hear and obey Hashem, your God, to keep all His mitzvos... You will be blessed.. your fruits.. your offspring.. You will be blessed upon your arrival and blessed upon your departure." And if you deviate from My commandments... Cursed are you upon your arrival and cursed are you upon your departure." [1]


I asked myself the following questions:
1) What does "You will be blessed upon your arrival" mean? Upon entering this world, as a newborn? Why would we be blessed? What merits do we have as newborns?
2) The same question can be asked in reverse: What does the Torah mean when it says, "...cursed are you upon your arrival?" What sins do we have as newborns which justify our being cursed?
3) Why is it grouped as blessed upon arrival and departure and cursed upon arrival and departure - why can't you be blessed upon arrival and then cursed upon departure, and vice versa?


I think I can answer all three questions with the following passage from Sefer Chovos Halevavos [2]: On the day of judgment, many people will find themselves credited with meritorious deeds which they did not do. "These are not mine!" each one will declare. They will be told, "These are the deeds of those who spoke disparagingly of you [and thereby caused their merits to be transferred to your account]." And the ones who spoke disparagingly will be told, "These deeds were taken from you when you spoke against So-and-so." Conversely, some will find acts of guilt on their account which they never committed. When each one will protest, "These are not mine!" they will be told, "These were taken from the account of So-and-So, against whom you spoke..."


Sefer Chovos Halevavos is teaching us that one may spend days trying to earn mitzvos and blessings, however, with one action, that can all be taken away. That's the power of speaking Loshon Harah - now that you've spoken about someone else, they accumulate all your mitzvos and you accumulate all their sins. That's how it's possible for us to be blessed/cursed upon our arrival and departure - because retroactively, it's as if you have no sins/merits recorded.


Above we mentioned an example and Rashi's explanation: One is cursed if he curses his parents. I don't think it's dakfa denigrating through words. It can also mean through actions.


R' Yochanan said in the name of R' Yossi ben Zimra: Whoever speaks loshon hara is considered as if he had denied the existence of Hashem...[3] The Midrash [4] states: R' Mona said, "Whoever speaks loshon hara causes the Shechinah to ascend from this world. Regarding the gossiper, Hashem says, "He and I cannot dwell together in this world."

The action of speaking loshon hara is what causes Hashem's Shechina to leave. It's no different than your flesh and blood parents telling you, "If you do this, I will leave!" Doing something which would ultimately lead to your parents [kol sh'ken Hakadosh Baruch Ho] to leave, chas vShalom, is considered denigrating and cursed are those who do that. Loshon Hara is 'cursing' Hashem in a sense. The same should also apply to any actions deviating from Hashem's commandments.


Have a wonderful Shabbos,
Nisso


[1] 27:16 - 28:19
[2] Sha'ar Hakaneh Ch. 7
[3] Arachin 15b
[4] Devarim Rabba 5:10




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